Holistic care approaches used in healthcare Essay

The objective of this assignment is to evaluate holistic make do preliminaryes employ in health awe at heart the dandy c be setting specific exclusivelyy relating to the role of suspensor Practitioners.Holistic cargon takes into consideration an individuals psychological, sociological and cordial health of necessity. Using a holistic approach to c are enhances the experience for my uncomplainings and families (Erickson 2007). The guard for and Midwifery Council (2010) defines holistic medicine as a system of comprehensive or total enduring care that considers the sensual, emotional, favorable, economic and spiritual necessarily of the soul, victorious into consideration a person as a complete. Over the past a couple of(prenominal) decades the focus of checkup care has shifted from treatment of a disease and or injury to treatment of a patient (Henning, 2013). holistic possible action has a long archives derived from a Greek-indo -European locate holos or hale, meaning all, healthy, healing, holy and the act of affectionateness (Auyang,1999). The first produce literature in apprisal to holistic care was produced by Florence Nightingale in her book Notes on Nursing, which described the work of nurses as putting patients in the best condition for nature to act upon them (Nightingale, F 1969). until now the innovation of holism was first defined by polymath Jan Smuts in 1927, as the tendency in nature to take in wholes that are greater than the sum of the parts with and through creative evolution (Smuts. 1927).Different theories on holism film been widely concured and promoted in health care since the 1960s, when Florence Nightingale first place the importance of treating patients individually, as opposed to solely treating the illness (Dossey & Keegan 2009). However this innovation is new in Emergency medicine, and has been derived from the recent employment in Afghanistan. The Army pain concern caper force published best d o appoint on a holistic, multidisciplinary, integrative approach to care (Schoolmaker, 2009). The Nursing Midwifery council (2008) states that all nurses must devote in a holistic, non-judgemental, caring and sensitive manner.throughout this assignment the names of patients, and family members growbeen substituted to comply with the info Protection Act (1998) in localise to sentry duty their identities and ensure confidentiality is maintained as per NHS Policy (2012). Mr. T attended the Emergency Department (ED) after fetching a poly-pharmaceutical overdose and collapsing sustaining superficial lacerations to his arms and face. Mr. T was an unkempt gentleman of middle age who was erosion soiled clothes and looked malnourished.Mr. T was kn accept to assume some minor learning difficulties and was a normal attendee to the ED, collect to his long extensive history of alcoholic drink and illicit drug abuse. Regular attendees to the ED often suffer from alcohol and or magne tic core misuse, where homeless and socially disengaged (Cherpitel C 1995). Little & Watson (1996) found that frequent attendees to the ED where at risk of twist care, because they often did not adhere to medical examination advice or except support get outing in frustration amongst rung during busy condemnations.Pirmohamed et.al. (2000) published figures stating that the majority of alcohol-related ED patients are 1860 years of age, and about 20% of these involve a serious health paradox due to long-term alcohol and drug misuse. Blenkiron et.al. (2000) identified that 15-25% of suicides and deliberate self-harm is associated with prolonged alcohol misuse, a fighting Mr. T had been fighting a crapst for several years. Mr. T had been apply behindnabis from a young age which studies have indicated an increased risk of self-harm and suicide attempts, (Beautrais, et.al 1999). Cannabis has similarly been wholesome documented to contribute to psychiatric and depressive dis high societys (Andereasson, et al 2002) & (Moore, et.al. 2007).Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) was a humanistic psychologist who developed his theory, the hierarchy of need (1943) a five stage model of motivational inescapably often depicted as a pyramid. The five stages are divided into Psychological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization. He believed that the lower trains of the pyramid have to be quelled before a person could move up. each(prenominal) stage was further defined stating the lowest level was what e very human mandatory to survive much(prenominal)(prenominal) as food, shelter, water, sex, air, clothing, to the top being the pinnacle of each persons potential drop in flavour who is able to pursue inner talent, creativity and fulfillment (McLeod, 2007). At this point Mr. T was barley surgery at the lowest level as hewas unable to meet his staple nutritional of necessity and lacked warm clean clothing or shelter. deprivation of food can affect a persons mood, b ehavior and brain function, (Pessoa, 2008). I provided Mr. T with food and clean warm clothing, in order to sanction with some of Mr. Ts underlying humanistic psychological inevitably, as advocated by Maslow (1943) aboard his medical treatment, demonstrating a comprehensive holistic approach to care.Rutledge (2011) another psychologist disagreed with Maslows theory and developed her deliver theory Maslow Rewired, stating none of these needs starting with basic survival on up, are possible without social connection and collaboration, and that humans require community, Love and the spirit of belonging before harvesting the ability to survive, although this is very much more associated with the 21st century. However substantial severalize has accumulated over the past few decades showing that social ties and social support are positively and casually related to mental health, physical health and longevity (Berkman, 1995). However Mr. T had no relatives other than his brother, wh o was estranged due to Mr. Ts extensive alcohol abuse. He was disengaged from services, refused social support and often did not adhere to medical advice.The tablets and quantities Mr. T had taken did not require any neighboring(a) treatment likewise the lacerations to his arms and face required minimal intervention, however Holistic treat as advocated by Dossey & Keegan (2009) treats the entire patient. Therefore as a holistic practitioner I investigated Mr. Ts Psychological issues through gentle discussion whilst a colleague dressed his wounds and administered medication to wince the set up of alcohol withdrawal, thus availing with Mr. Ts personal effects which in turn will assist with his psychological needs. Alcohol is a drug with labyrinthine behavioural effects that can be pleasant when consumed in moderation but can be unpleasant when misused, (Swift, 1999).Mr. T was initially withdrawn and indisposed(p) to discuss his mental health problems, however through gentle q uestioning whilst undertaking basic tasks, a science often used by nurses as indicted by Berg et al (2007). Mr. T started to light upon information in relation to his psychological behaviour. Whilstdiscussing much(prenominal) issues with Mr. T it is important to maintain good centre of attention contact and engage in a make amount of social touch, as this is perceived by patients as a more empathetic clinician (Montague 2013). A similar approach is advocated by, McCann & McKenna (1993) whilst Bamford Wade & Kimble (2013) promote forgiving listening in addition to touch when transaction with patients in crisis. Therefore it was essential to speak easily and use appropriate body and facial expression to demonstrate empathy and understanding to the patient. Throughout the discussion non-verbal listening skills are respectfully used. Egan (1994) offers the acronym SOLER, an approach used in counselling which stands for S Sit squareO Open PostureL Lean or so forwardE shopp ing mall contactR RelaxHowever according to Stickley (2011) the school of nursing and midwifery has introduced a new model to assimilator nurses, the Acronym SURETY, which stands forS Sit at an angleU Uncross legsR RelaxE Eye contactT TouchY Your recognitionThis approach subsequently adds in touch as advocated by McCann & McKenna (1993) along with your intuition. A nurses intuition is not a new concept and studies have been carried out since 1978, (Gerrity 1987) however it is a skill widely associated with experience (Hams 2000). Intuition has been acknowledged by clinicians and scholars as a vital component of clinical judgment and decision making (Rew 2007). Mr. T responded wellhead to this approach of converse.Carl Rogers (1961), another humanistic psychologist developed the theory Core conditions which is the basic attitudes that councillors should display in order to show acceptance of the client and valuing them as a human being, and include Congruence, empathy and respect. Like Rutledges (2011)approach, Rogers (1959) believed everyone needs to feel loved, valued and unconditional regard, to achieve Maslows findings that all humans aim to self-actualize and fulfill their potential (1961). During the taxment it is essential to communicate effectually, minimise barriers such as using medical terminology in discussion as advocated by, Minardi & Riley (2007). Physicians frequently use medical words during consultations track to jargon that is potentially interpret thus impairing effective communication (Blackman & Sahebjalal 2014)Good communication skills allow patients and relatives alike to express their concerns and needs, subsequently build trust between them and the healthcare professional, demonstrating a two way circle of communication, identified as the roughly effective method by Schramm (1954). The Johari Window is a model created by Luft & Ingham (1995) and used by healthcare professionals whilst communicating with patients, that encourages self-awareness and understanding of others, ensuring practitioners are aware of their own beliefs, principles, attitudes and strengths in order to help their patients.There are some barriers to providing effective communication, as the ED is a very busy loud environment which can hinder effective communication and possibly result in communication overload Woloshynowych et al (2007). However by simply taking a patient or relative away from these areas and into a letup room, communication barriers can be minimised.Mr. T responded well to the approaches used, and had not spoken of his odours or depression for a long time. Mr. T explained that he had lived with his mother up to the age of twelve when she passed away following a lifetimetime of alcohol abuse and that this was the only life he knew. Psychologist Albert Bandura believed children imitate behaviors witnessed as they grow up which was illustrated in the experiment The Bobo Doll, (McCleod 2007).Since becoming re liant on drugs and alcohol Mr. Ts mental state had significantly deteriorated thus exacerbating his habituation and leading to unemployment and subsequently homelessness. Due to the fact Mr. T was disengaged from services and had no family support he was feelingincreasingly isolated and unloved thus amplifying Rogers. C (1961) theory OF Core Conditions however Mr. T was antipathetical to diverge. DiClemente & Prochaska (1998) developed the Transtheoretical Model of Change which is primarily associated with dependence and the willingness to change. The five stages of this are 1. Precontemplation Unwillingness to change2. contemplation Consideration of change3. Preparation Commitment to change4. Action modification of behaviour takes place5. aliment lifelong avoidance of relapseMr. T was before long at the precontemplation phase and unwilling to make changes to his topical circumstances. Due to increasing pressure from NHS targets, Emergency practitioners have a very limit ed amount of time to appeal such varied and extensive issues due to all patients needing to be transferred or discharged within four hours of arrival. As strong advocates of holistic practice the department strives to ensure all patients are enured holistically and provided with the relevant knowledge and support required to address and manage their problems.Mr. T was referred to the mental health police squad for further assessment of his psychological needs aided with housing, and referred to the Alcohol and Drug Misuse Team in order to address his addictions. These services work in both the interests of staff and patients providing support to patients with complex alcohol and drug dependence in order to reduce the number of attendances to the ED and help to reduce care costs. The home office published data relating to boozing which showed the cost to the NHS is in excess of 3.5 billion p.a. (Governments Alcohol Strategy 2012). Layard (2005) concurs with these statistics stat ing that Mental wellness is our biggest social problem.In conclusion a Holistic approach to care considers the physical, emotional, social, economic and spiritual needs of a patient taking in to level a person as a whole not only treating the physical and medical needs of a patient. It is evident that treating patients as a whole and not the presenting complaint alone is key to providing effective healthcare for the patient and can result in fewer admissions and reduce pressure on resources. The evidence provided in this assignment has shown that the emergencydepartment uses all resources available, working as a multi-disciplinary team to assess and treat patients with complex mental health needs and drug and alcohol dependencies fairly without passing judgement. powerful communication plays a vital part in effective treatment of a patient although in that location is potential for communication to be hindered. The communicative approaches used proved favourable with Mr. T and ena bled the practitioner to gain the relevant information required. The psychological approaches used with Mr. T proved effective and by treating Mr. T in a holistic manner contributed to the effective management of his care. Based on the research and evidence published holistic care significantly improves patient outcomes leading to greater patient satisfaction and contribute to trim back healthcare costs which will subsequently assist in providing a longer sustainable interior(a) health service.